Preparação e caracterização de hidrogéis à base de PVA e quitosana

Abstract

Interest in studies involving polymers has gradually grown, considering the need for development of new biomaterials, particularly in the pharmaceutical area. Among the highlighted materials is chitosan, a polymer obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin, with essential qualities such as biodegradability capacity, low cost and high availability in nature. Additionally, PVA (Polyvinyl alcohol) has shown to be promising as much as its features high strength, which favors the formation of stable hydrogels with increased absorption. The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize a PVA and chitosan based new material hydrogel, and evaluate their physicochemical, rheological and biocompatibility properties. The functional chemical properties were evaluated by spectroscopy. Flow curve and viscosity by rheometry and compatibility test by the orange acridine method. It is noted that the analysis of the hydrogel from the of blend PVA and chitosan has a - OH stretch band at 3258 cm-1, as well as a decrease in intensity of this band. The flow curve of chitosan, regardless of temperature, shows ascending and descending linear behavior, while the PVA one showed non-linear ascending descending behavior. The flow curve of chitosan/PVA blend was temperature dependent. At 25°C and 37°C the flow curves exhibit linear ascending and descending behavior and nonlinear behavior at 49°C. The viscosity of hydrogels of chitosan, PVA and chitosan/PVA was altered due to the temperature. There was a reduction in the viscosity of PVA hydrogel, and higher viscosities were observed in chitosan hydrogel. It is observed that, regardless of dose, there were no significant differences in the viability index of phagocytes of human peripheral blood, when exposed to hydrogels. These data suggest that the combination of chitosan/PVA can be considered as a functional material with low cellular toxicity and can be used in different concentrations for future clinical applications as biomaterial.