Material particulado total suspenso na baixa atmosfera em Cuiabá-MT no período de queimadas

Abstract

Mato Grosso has periodically registered a large number of fire points during the dry season, which significantly contributes to the emission of smoke (gases and particulate material), generating environmental and health impacts both in local and in global scale. This fact places the State in a prominent position nationwide, due to the fact that it has appeared in the first ranks among the federative states with the largest records of fire points. Thus, the air quality in Mato Grosso is meaningfully compromised by these emissions which may be felt in virtually all municipalities in the State. This emission of large quantities of particles during the dry season alters profoundly the chemical and physical characteristics of the atmosphere, directly impacting the human health. In Cuiaba, the State capital, the levels of pollution have reached critical rates during this period with concentrations above the established by the CONAMA resolution number 03/1990, affecting the health and the well-being of the population. In that matter, the objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the particulate material suspended in the city of Cuiaba during the fire period. For this purpose, the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques were used, in addition to data from INPE, INMET and SIH/SUS, which allowed for identification and quantification of 10 chemical elements (Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr and Ba), and the classification of four groups of particles by morphological similarity: agglomerates, plates, cylindrical and aspheric, thus allowing for the identification of possible sources of emissions and the implications on human health.