Avaliação da toxicidade, da atividade antiulcerogênica e antimicrobiana do extrato hidroetanólico de Arrabidea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl.

Abstract

Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae) is a vine native to the Amazon Rainforest, popularly known as Crajiru and whose decoction of the leaves is used to treat diseases such as gastric ulcers, inflammations, infections, anemia, herpes, jaundice among others. It is also used as a natural dye. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, antimicrobial and antiulcer activity of hydroethanolic extract of leaves of Arrabidaea chica (HEAc). Dried leaves of Arrabidaea chica were soaked in 70% ethanol, obtaining the hydroethanolic extract of A. chica (HEAc). The evaluation of acute toxicity of HEAc was conducted for 14 days in Swiss mice (Hippocratic test) and subchronic toxicity in rats for 30 days. These studies showed no toxic potential HEAc or alter the histological profile of the heart, lung, liver, stomach, spleen and kidneys of animals. In vitro cytotoxicity assay by the method of Alamar Blue in CHO-K1 cells, the HEAc was not cytotoxic (IC50 > 200μg/mL). For antiulcer tests were used experimental models of gastric lesions induced by ethanol and indomethacin, both in rats, showing that the HEAc is active in both models. In ethanol ulcer model, EHAc was active at all doses tested, whereas in ulcer model induced by indomethacin, only the highest dose tested (200mg/kg) was effective in reducing ulceration. Antimicrobial assays were performed with 6 strains of Gram-negative, 4 strains of gram-positive bacteria, and 5 yeast strains, ATCC all. Tests of disk diffusion and broth microdilution, evaluated the inhibition zone (mm) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC µg / mL), respectively. The HEAc showed no antimicrobial activity in the disk diffusion test, but the test microdilution market proved to be active against Enterococcus fecallis (MIC = 100 µg / mL), and also against Helicobacter pylori (MIC = 12,5 µg / mL). The results buttress the popular use of Arrabidaea chica for gastric ulcers including those in which the etiological agent is Helicobacter pylori