A dimensão socioambiental da crise civilizatória e as possibilidades legais para a efetivação de uma gestão sustentável do Pantanal mato-grossense

Abstract

The confluence of various economic, social, political, cultural and environmental articulated factors worldwide caused, from the last decades of the twentieth century, an unprecedented crisis in human history whose environmental dimension reveals the deficiencies inherent in the model of civilization globalized by Neoliberal Globalization. In an attempt to overcome this situation arises the plurivocal notion of sustainability, widely accepted and used in many different contexts with meanings sometimes irreconcilable. The prevalent notion of sustainability is guided by an economic rationality which is the core of civilization’s model responsible for the crisis. Against this notion rises a proposal of Sustainability based on an environmental rationality, whose expression, although still under construction, finds exponents in traditional communities. In this approach the paradigm of sustainability is analyzed in the context of civilizational crisis, considering the Pantanal of Mato Grosso as privileged “locus” of research, whose locally peculiarities reflect the global environmental dilemma. Birthplace of many ecosystemic services, home of a rich biodiversity and several indigenous groups and traditional communities, this heritage of humanity follows increasingly threatened by social and environmental impacts from the advance of several degrading economic activities. This situation is compounded by the institutional weakness resulting of inefficient enforcement of environmental laws coupled with the inadequate implementation of public policies. The combination of these factors limit the achievement of a management able to harmonize the improvement of the quality of life of local people and the conservation of ecological balance. This analysis is complemented by examination of the Environmental Legal and Constitutional Framework as a foundation for the hermeneutic reformulation of legal commands applied to the Pantanal of Mato Grosso to enable a legal path whose realization will allow the opening of new possibilities for achieving a socially and environmentally sustainable management of this area.