Agravos respiratórios em trabalhadores da construção civil em Mato Grosso

Abstract

Introduction: The environment of the construction sites is a place full of chemicals that are associated with respiratory diseases presented by the workers. Because of the state of Mato Grosso having hosted the World Cup games and the federal government subsidy for housing construction, several construction sites were created and several workers were exposed to situations that favor the emergence of respiratory diseases. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with respiratory symptoms in building workers in Cuiabá. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey carried out with construction workers. In the descriptive analysis, for nominal variables absolute and relative frequency tables were constructed, since the quantitative variables were assessed using mean, median, standard deviation and maximum and minimum values. In the bivariate analysis it was found associations between independent variables (sociodemographic characteristics, work environment characteristics and occupational risks) and respiratory symptoms. Multivariate analysis was performed by Poisson regression. Results: Of the 545 workers interviewed, 91.74% were male and mean age of 32 years, 45.14% had incomplete primary education. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was 44.40%. The variables that showed association with respiratory symptoms were: age greater than 30 years (RP 0.78, 95% IC 0.65 to 0.94), exposure to smoke (RP 1.41, 95% IC 1.04 - 1.93), interaction term between employment and income (RP 1.79, 95% IC 1.07 to 3.01) and smoking habits (RP 1.5; 95% IC 1,26- 1,84) . In relation to the cough associated variables were higher working day of eight hours (RP 1.34, 95% IC 1.01 to 1.79), exposure to cold (RP 1.55, 95% IC 1.15 to 2.08), moist place exposure (RP 1.47, 95% IC 1.07 to 2.01), exposure to chemicals (RP 1, 55, 95% IC 1.12 to 2.13) and smoking habits (RP 1.76, 95% IC 1.31 to 2.37). The expectoration exposure to cold variables (RP 1.76, 95% IC 1.40 to 1.69) and interaction term between employment and income (RP 1.44, 95% IC 1.17 to 1.77). Variables associated with wheezing were to have made admission spirometry (RP 1.06, 95% IC 1.01 to 1.11) and smoking habits (RP 1.06, 95% IC 1.01 to 1.12). Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was high, and we found associations between age group under 30, smoke, smoking habit, as well as interaction between occupation and lowincome construction workers