Transformações urbanas em Cuiabá e a formação do cidadão moderno - 1937 - 1945

Abstract

The period of civilian dictatorship, between 1937 and 1945, denominated nationally of New State, was marked by a progressive policy that had as purpose to promote the modernization of the country and to insert Brazil in the capitalistic industrial phase, fact that resulted in a series of actions of the federal government in order to leverage the Brazilian economy. The nationalist policy of the Vargas dictatorship intended to replace the social and economic condition of Brazil, essentially rural, which represented economic and cultural backwardness, by an industrialized and modern country. For the purposes of national modernization, several actions were put into practice. Among them, we highlight the federal government's financing of urban reform programs, developed in several Brazilian cities, as part of the strategies for installing the new and ambitious economic model. The works of reform and urban rigging, in addition to appreciably altering the landscape of some Brazilian cities, also intended to produce cultural parameters that would enable the construction of a new identity for the citizen of New State. The creation of urban environments, such as cinemas, theaters, hotels, health centers, investments in infrastructure works, such as the supply of treated water and sewage networks, and the propagation of new habits and attitudes pertinent to a modern and urban citizen profile were part of modernizing strategies. In Mato Grosso, this process occurred in the period of the interventionist government of Júlio Müller, who, among other actions, promoted the urbanization of the capital with Official Works (enlargement of the Getulio Vargas Avenue, Governor's House, Grand Hotel, Cuiabá Cine Theater, Justice Palace, State General Secretariat, State College of Mato Grosso, Bridge between Cuiabá and Várzea Grande) and invested in education and public health. The thesis aims to analyze the formation of the modern citizen in the capital, in the scope of space production and urban coexistence, promoted in the management of the interventor Júlio Müller. We used the methodological guidelines of historiography, in which various documentary sources were considered, such as the reports of the interventor Júlio Müller to the President of the Republic, periodicals, photographs and memorialist works. The documentary search was carried out in the Public Archives of the State of Mato Grosso, in the Documentation and Regional Historical Information Center and in the House Barão de Melgaço. Being in progress, the research still lacks a conclusion.