Modelagem da dinâmica temporal da temperatura do ar para baixa umidade em ecossistemas amazônicos

Abstract

In this research, data were collected from five sites of the Amazon Rainforest (São Gabriel da Cachoeira-AM) in 2008, Amazon Rainforest (Rebio Jaru-RO), 2008, Transition Amazonia - Cerrado (Fazenda Maracaí-MT) year of 2002, Cerrado (Fazenda Miranda-MT) year 2013 and Pantanal (Baía das Pedras-MT) year 2012 and 2013. With the objective of studying the joint dynamics of the microclimatic variables air temperature and relative humidity, analyzing the representativeness of a new model for the dynamics of these variables for low humidity in Amazonian ecosystems. To form a model of temperature it was considered that the temperature variation is closely related to the equilibrium of the received solar radiation and the infrared radiation of exit, as is done in the case of several global models, one of them is the calculation of the expected temperature for the surface of the planet (Hougthon, Nicolis E Prigogine, 1989). It was verified that the dense forest better regulates the temperature, the transition forest presents a higher average temperature and, statistically, Fazenda Miranda and Baía das Pedras are equivalent. Rebio Jaru, relative humidity presents great variation, being considerable that the density of vegetation is not as dense as São Gabriel da Cachoeira. The average annual warming rate at the following locations, Fazenda Miranda, Baía das Pedras, Rebio Jaru and Fazenda Maracaí can be considered statistically around 1 and 1.5 ° C / h. In São Gabriel da Cachoeira, the variation of the heating rate throughout the year is minimal, remaining between 0.6 and 1.2 ° C / h. In low humidity conditions, the proposed temperature model provides for a maximum overnight cooling rate of (- 0,9 ° C / h) which is compatible with all ecosystems.