A geração de energia hidrelétrica na bacia do Alto Paraguai : riscos e ameaças na planície pantaneira

Abstract

In this research work were gathered data from the Upper Paraguay River Basin to understand the dynamics of the Pantanal, dependent on the plateau. We described these areas under the approaches of biodiversity and socio-economy of the region. In a second step the Brazilian Energy Policy was analyzed from the point of official and legal documents in force, with panoramas of the recent past, present situation and future plans. Fossil fuels still dominate the total energy supply of the country, however, are the largest hydroelectric generating electricity. The index has reached in recent years, above 80% rates in the Brazilian energy matrix. This is by a variety of factors, from the existence of large hydroelectric potential, inventoried before new institutions are created for this purpose, with the restructuring of the electricity sector in the 1990s, to the advantages directed to private capital investment in power generation hydroelectric. The Upper Paraguay River Basin is host of this phenomenon and used on a large scale for electricity production, demonstrated social and environmental impacts within direct violation of the enterprises and, indirectly, significantly, in the Pantanal, the plain. To this social issue are inherent rights and guarantees in the State Environmental Brazilian. Our legal system ensures respect for fundamental rights and provides tools for their achievement. Energy planning to supply demands of modern society, steeped in consumption, generating a massive industrialization and increasing dependence on energy should be prepared considering the social and environmental capabilities of exploitable space. A participatory analysis of the provision and allocation of this energy must be performed to aid decision-making.