Qualidade da cama de frango com adição de acidificantes em diferentes períodos pluviométricos

Abstract

A common practice in poultry in many countries, including Brazil's poultry litter reuse for more than one lot. This is a way to reduce the costs of acquiring new bed, increase the amount of nutrients in the bed to be used as bio-fertilizer in agriculture and stabilize or reduce the environmental impact with the bed production per bird produced. With this, some alternatives can be studied for the treatment of poultry litter reused in order to mitigate the impacts caused birds, the environment and to humans. Thus, the chemical conditioners are being used as a bed treatment method, because when applied to the same act by reducing the pH and thus producing an unfavorable environment for producers of ammonia microorganisms. In this sense, Chapter 1 (literature review), aimed at presenting an approach of the main factors that affect the quality of poultry litter as well as alternatives to treatment with emphasis on applied acidifying use directly in bed. Chapter 2 was to evaluate the effects of acidification of poultry litter on the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters in different rainfall periods. Two batches were assessed for 42 days of life, one in the station of high rainfall (rain) and another at low rainfall station being used- acidifying to a commercial poultry litter comprising calcium sulphate activated and expanded phyllosilicate. We used a completely randomized design in a split plot scheme in time to factor in the plot (2x2), two seasons (rainy and dry) and two bed treatments (acidic treatment and control) evaluated over time (collection ). They were conducted physical evaluations, chemical and microbiological bed on days zero, 1, 14, 28 and 42, in addition to the assessment of the internal environment of the poultry houses. As for the physical parameters, we evaluated surface and internal temperature and humidity of the bed. For chemical parameters were evaluated pH, ammonia and total nitrogen bed. Microbiological reviews, there was quantitative analysis with isolation and counting of total mesophilic bacteria and enterobacteria, and qualitative analysis for the presence or absence of Salmonella sp. Significant differences were found for pH parameters, ammonia, moisture and total nitrogen as the different bed treatments, seasons and collections. Because of its chemical composition, the acidifying also proved effective as the moisture retention of the bed and total nitrogen. Due to decrease in the pH of the bed, the acidifying has proven effective in reducing mesophilic bacteria, but was not verified decrease in Enterobacteriaceae count and consequently the elimination of Salmonella sp of acidified treatments. It was concluded that the treatment of poultry litter with acidification method was effective as reducing the pH and thus to decrease, .ammonia volatilization in the first14 days after the complication of poultry litter.