Avaliação eco-epidemiológica da aerobiologia fúngica em acervos bibliográficos de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande : impacto na saúde humana e ocupacional

Abstract

Indoor favor health risks including allergies, infections and toxicity. The conjunction of several factors Physical (temperature, light, humidity), chemical (breathing, acidity, oxidation of cellulose) and biological (mites, fungi, bacteria and viruses) influences the ability causing damage to library collections. The adoption of conservation measures, such as hygiene, it is essential to prevent contamination by harmful agents to health. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of fungi in indoor environments in seven public and private libraries in Cuiabá and Várzea Grande-MT and its impact on occupational health. 332 dust samples collected by three techniques: impactor/air sampler (2,229/12.3%), exposure plating (6,578/25.1%) and sterile swab (16,387/62.6%) were isolated 26,194 UFC's and identified 183 fungal species. Of these, 157 were micelianas and 26 yeast, totaling 53 rates, and (43/81.1%) and mycelial genres (10/18.9%) yeast. The genus Aspergillus (10,628/40.6%) was one of the main fungi present in indoor air. Aspergillus niger (3,219/12.3%) was identified as the most prevalent species in literary environments, followed by Cryptococcus spp. (1,865/7.1%) and Cladosporium cladosporioides (1,825/7.0%). In regard to seasonal distribution, fungal propagules were more frequently isolated in the dry season/drought (14 132/54%) compared to the wet season/rainy (12,062/46%). In regard to seasonal distribution, fungal propagules were more frequently isolated in the dry season/drought (14,132/54%) compared to the wet season/rainy (12,062/46%). Of the two climatic periods predominated of the following genera: Aspergillus spp, Rhodotorula spp, Cladosporium spp, Cryptococcus, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp, Paecilomyces spp, Curvularia spp, Alternaria spp, Trichoderma spp, Rhizopus, Aureobasidium spp, Chrysonilia sitophila, Mucor spp, Candida spp. The temperature was considered an aggravating factor in fungal proliferation in these establishments. The evaluated environments suitable substrates presented in the form of books and documents associated with dust and moisture from the air conditioners. Diversity and high frequency of airborne fungi was observed. This fact is relevant because of these environments shelter staff constantly exposed to microrganism identified. These findings shed light on the issue of minimizing the risk of exposure to pathogenic and toxigenic microfocus fungal agents in library collections.