Fungicidas e extrato etanólico de própolis no controle de antracnose, míldio e mancha-alvo na cultura da soja

Abstract

The productivity of soybean can be affected by several factors, including diseases. Aiming to evaluate nine commercial fungicides and the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), for the control of anthracnose, target spot and downy mildewin the soybean culture and evaluate post-harvest quality of soybeans after controlling for foliar fungal diseases, in the 15/16 crop, a study was implanted in a commercial area localized in Sinop/MT. The experiment was perfomed in randomized block design, with 4 allocations. Ten treatments were applied: Control; Fluxapiroxad + Piraclostrobin; Trifloxistrobin + Prothioconazole; Picoxystrobin + Cyproconazole; ii Azoxystrobin + Benzovindiflupyr; Mancozeb; Azoxystrobin + Cyproconazole; Mancozeb + Azoxystrobin + Cyproconazole; Mancozeb + Picoxystrobin + Cyproconazole and EEP, fortnightly in three growth stages: R1, R3 and R5. The cultivar utilized was Monsoy 8372 IPRO. The treatment Picoxystrobin + Cyproconazole was the most efficient in the control of downy mildew and target spot. The fungicides and the EEP analyzed did not present efficiency in the control of anthracnose. The use of EEP was efficient in the control of downy mildew and target spot, presenting superiority over some fungicides, and contributing for an increase in productivity. The treatment with the application of Picoxystrobin + Cyproconazole was superior to the other treatments in relation to productivity and mass of thousand grains. The application of the treatments Picoxystrobin + Ciproconazole, Azoxystrobin + Ciproconazole + Mancozebe obtained higher values of mass of thousand of grains. The apparent and actual specific mass values obtained in this study were higher than the reference value for the culture for all treatments. In the evaluation of normal germinated (NG) seedlings, the treatment where Azoxystrobin + Ciproconazole was applied was the one that obtained the best germination value. Treatment with Mancozeb associated with Azoxystrobin + Ciproconazole was the treatment with the lowest incidence of C. truncatum (58%).