Haitianos em Cuiabá : um estudo sobre as experiências migratórias

Abstract

This master thesis is the result of a research about Haitian migration to Brazil, specially about a Haitian group that settled in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. The research is based on the problem: How do this Haitian group realize migratory experience in places like home, job, education and social living in Cuiabá? Its general aim is to understand Haitian migratory experiences based on Haitian’s motivation and points of view; and its specific aims are: do a migrant’s profile survey; understand motivations that lead them to migrate; identify travelling strategies; know the ways of insertion on local labor Market and participation in school, church and cultural activities. We choose a qualitative methodology, and field data were taken by direct observation, questionnaires and interviews. The field research has occurred in neighborhood from east Cuiabá, where most of immigrants live. Fifty (50) questionnaires were applied to Haitians immigrants, that study Portuguese at Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso campus Cuiabá – Bela Vista, and nine (09) interviews were made with Haitians that live in east Cuiabá. Theoretical foundation is based on sociological explanations from several authors, e.g. Bourdieu (1989; 2011), highlighting the concepts of habitus, field and social space; Dubet (1994) and his concept that explains the logic of migrator’s process; the nation state with Bourdieu’s (2014) concept; migration as total social fact by Sayad (1998); transnationalism by Sassen (2010) and Mitchell (2003) ; and migratory field concept by Schaeffer (2009) and Baeninger (2013), stating that other authors also support this paper. Results from this research shows that Haitian international migration forms a travel’s organization to the foreigners according to their interests, reasons and their social group’s situation. The Haitian’s migratory experience results from a condition of social instability from home country, and from foreign social’s perception as a place of social reproduction. In order to ensure migratory experiences, agents take support in a migratory net, raised by familiar and friendship ties, resulting in aids in origin – traffic – destination. This net takes root in a space-time structure receptive by Haitian’s trip dynamics. There are indications that migratory field is operationalized by different logics and the migrant aims to enter in labor market, fights for conservation and acknowledge of his belonging to Haitian society. However, subjectivation logic, that leads these migrants, is more than just integration or strategy; it enables migratory experience as learning, subject formation and migratory community’s creation.