Análise da evolução da atividade aquícola em Mato Grosso

Abstract

The study seeks to understand the evolution of aquaculture activities in aquaculture breeding, manufacturing and commerce in the municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso. For the study, the official database originates from the Annual Social Information Ratio (RAIS) and the State Secretariat of Finance (SEFAZ) for production, manufacturing and trade activities, according to the National Classification of Economic Activity CNAE). In this way, the study aims to present agglomerations of aquaculture production in an aggregated way, through the Locational Quotient index, the municipalities that practiced aquaculture between 2009 and 2015. It also aims to present the concentration of aquaculture activity through spatial evolution in maps generated in the GeoDa software using the Locational Quotient (QL) and specialized with the Moran Index, highlighting the cluster formation separated by economic activity between 1995 and 2015. Finally, the study seeks to compare the aquaculture sector based on the E-C-D model, with interlocutions with the Aquaculture Production Chain and the Aquaculture Industrial District model. In the results, it was noticed that the state meets adequate conditions for the activity, but has structural problems to be treated. The sector presented productive agglomerations and contributed to the generation of income, jobs and establishments, evidencing the municipalities that presented significant values for the Locational Quotient (QL) in the aquaculture activity, and their respective planning regions, the basis used by the state government to define policies public policies. In the same way, it was possible to visualize the concentration of aquaculture activity in each sector in the horizon of two decades, describing the municipalities that were able to establish a possible formation of cluster by the neighborhood criterion. The theoretical contributions of the E-C-D model were complemented with the themes of competitive advantage and cluster formation, reinforced by the perspective of the aquaculture production chain and the Aquaculture Industrial Districts. The results presented indicate that the state was already the national leader in fish production in 2013, but year after year it has been losing space mainly due to the drop in volumes produced. The main difficulties facing the sector need to be addressed through investment in applied research, the training of skilled labor and the incorporation of productive technologies and industrialization. The studies suggested for the sector aim to increase productive capacity and representativeness

in the national scenario, to deal with issues intrinsic to the activity and that need a joint public- private effort to enable the protagonism of the activity in the state trade balance.