A querela em torno da colocação pronominal no português brasileiro : posicionamentos discursivos

Abstract

This thesis, rooted on the Discourse Analysis of enunciative basis, had as an object of study the polemic surrounding the pronominal clitic placement between Brazilianists and Lusitanianists, triggered from the period of Independence in the country, in 1822, and, until today, vigorous in the struggle between grammarians and linguists. The corpus was constituted by a set of formulations filtered from texts of the selection organized into two volumes by the philologist, linguist and historian Edith Pimentel Pinto, aiming at documenting the evolution of critical thought in relation to the language in Brazil, in order to provide sources of study to those interested in issues related to Brazilian Portuguese. Besides these texts, which cover the period from 1820 to 1945, the study also includes formulations of texts that were not part of the author's compilation, but were referenced in the work, as well formulations on the pronominal clitics placement cut out from three Brazilian Portuguese grammar books written by linguists in the twenty-first century. Thus, it appeared as an archive search, in the sense that the analyzed formulations were not obtained exclusively for this research. They were produced on other occasions and with other purposes than being the object of a research. From the viewpoint of the discourse analyst, glimpsed in retrospect, this mass amount of texts could be seen as fruitful source for the study of discourses about the language, focusing on the issue of pronominal placement. The study aimed at scrutinizing, In the plot of formulations, the senses which emerge in the discoursivization of the difference of pronominal placement between the Brazilian Portuguese and the European Portuguese, as well as analyzing ifthis difference is a definer of another language, the Brazilian Language. The notion of inter-discourse, such as proposed by Dominique Maingueneau ([1984] 20082), was fundamental for the development of the study, from the moment of selection of the formulations to the interpretation and writing of the thesis, Surrounding the notion of inter-discourse, other notions orbit such as heterogeneity, intermisunderstanding, controversy, translation and simulacrum, equally fruitful to understand the dispute where men of Letters debate in order to interpret the different ordinations of the pronominal clitics observed in the Brazilian Portuguese in comparison with the European Portuguese. Directed by these notions, the reading of material indexes of controversy, made linear in the intra-discourse, enabled an approximation of the behavior of the Lusitanianist and Brazilianist discourses, and the construction of a semantic restriction system formed by positive and negative semas of each positioning. In the Lusitanianist discourse, the sema /change/ is translated as a negative sema because its positive sema is /conservation/ from the original Portuguese, In the Brazilianist discourse, the sema /change/ is read as a positive sema, because it is a sign of Another language under construction, the Brazilian Portuguese or simply the Brazilian, whereas /conservation/ constitutes a negative sema /fossilization/. Moreover, the study showed that the Lusitanian grammar tradition still overshadows the Brazilian linguistic science hindering the shaping ofa Imguistic environment favorable to the process of linguistic education in the country.