O fantasma de Pepper e sua contribuição para o ensino de óptica geométrica

Abstract

The Pepper’s Ghost is one of the optical illusions most fascinating and reproduced too around the world in the last one hundred years, making curious and virtual images that can be confused with real objects, demonstrating t that behind a kind of magic there are physical concepts that can be help to build “bridges” for the students to address into science’s world teaching in the High School. That way, we developing an alternative proposal to teach the concepts of geometric optical through of the construction and application in the classroom, of devices that enable the comprehension of physical process involved in optical illusion, your laws and their limits to explains these complex phenomena. The present work aimed to present and deepen the study in geometric optics, related directly to the phenomena of reflection, refraction and its laws in flat mirrors, and total internal reflection, using a didactic sequence with questionnaires and using optical illusion experiments that prove the existence of these phenomena. The aim was to get the student to understand the topics covered, showing that physics is formulas that no use just about more abstract and problems. Thus, with the construction of devices for the realization of optical illusions, we developed our proposal with students of the second year of High School. It was possible to perceive improvement in the learning of the concepts involved, showing its applicability and importance in everyday life. For the introduction and development of this theme, in the classroom, it was necessary a didactic sequence containing: previous questionnaire about the students' familiarity with the optics, application of the experiments in the classroom, questionnaire about the applied experiment as well as the opinion of the students as to the methodology adopted and analysis of the conceptual evolution achieved through a final evaluation.