Os movimentos de ação coletiva e a gestão ambiental em assentamentos rurais no estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

This study sought to analyse the role of collective action movements in local environmental management in rural settlements in the state of Mato Grosso. Currently, environmental management is a growing challenge due to the pressures and demands on natural resources. Collective action movements play a decisive role in implementing and executing different actions to improve environmental management. For this, a literature review was carried out on agrarian reform policies in Brazil and in the state of Mato Grosso, environmental management, sustainable development and also collective action movements in the selected settlements. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach and has as its research instrument the collection of data through the application of questionnaires. These were applied in two rural settlements in the southern region of the state of Mato Grosso, in the municipality of Itiquira, namely Nossa Senhora do Carmo Settlement and the Ouro Branco Rubber Tappers Settlement. The role of collective action movements within these settlements, involving economic and productive aspects, was highlighted as a relevant aspect. The differences between the studied collective action movements, go beyond the socioeconomic profile, some of the actions in the environmental direction have greater strength in one of the movements, a factor that could be due to the different times of establishment and the different productive branches in each movement. However, the study allowed us to identify the inexistence of environmental management tools implemented within the movements, as a result, this research was able to make suggestions for the improvement of some of the activities within the collective action movements and within the settlement as a whole. It was concluded that collective action movements are of paramount importance in the processes that modify rural settlements. Also the exchange of information that takes place within associations/cooperatives can facilitate the implementation of environmental education programs and sustainable management practices.