Síndrome de burnout : prevalências e fatores associados em professores da rede pública estadual de Mato Grosso

Abstract

The teachers sickening is notorious, statistically, within the public sectors responsible for the doctor’s note registrations, which has been accumulating index of medical leave or labor adaptation, being enhanced throughout the last few years in Brazil. The direct treatment with people communed with non-suitable pedagogical conditions and infrastructure of the desired reality contributes in a direct way to the burnout syndrome among teachers. The syndrome is, to Carlotto and Palazzo (2016), a reaction to the chronicle emotional tension generated from the direct, excessive and stressful contact with work, making the person lose the greater part of the interest in relation to the work. Gil-Monte (2016) defines burnout as a response to the chronicle labor stress that is characterized by a low illusion in relation to the work, psychic wastage, indolence and guilt. In this way, the general aim of the present study is to check the prevalence and the factors associated to the dimensions of the burnout syndrome in teachers of the public schools of the state of Mato Grosso, specifically to describe the level of the professional (in)satisfaction of teacher with teaching; to verify if there is meaningful difference in the index of burnout syndrome among the teachers according to the gender; to identify the main stressors to which the teachers with burnout syndrome have been submitted; to differentiate the manifestation of burnout syndrome among teachers by knowledge area; to offer quali-quantitative subsidies to motivate public politics to the confrontation of the researched problematic. In the methodological path, the research was defined as quantitative in its approach, exploratory and descriptive in regards to its aims; observational and analytical in its nature; transversal in its time of execution and probabilistic for its simple random accessibility in its sampling. A partnership with Secretary of Education of Mato Grosso allowed the electronic distribution of three data gathering instruments: the social-economic/labor questionnaire; the stressors in teachers questionnaire; the CESQT-PE (Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo). The data obtained were treated in electronic spreadsheet and suitable software with the appropriated analysis with the aims of the research. The findings point that approximately 63% of the teachers made positive in one or more dimensions of the syndrome, the percentage of 6,1% was found for sick teachers with the burnout syndrome in its initial phase (level 1), which corresponds to 80 cities of the 141 in the state and 2,7% in the severest (level 2), which allows to affirm that 46 cities of the state have sick teachers in this severity. In regards to the teaching time to the phase of diversification and questioning (HUBERMAN, 1992) can be considered the peek of the mental sickening of teachers, corresponding to approximately 2/3 of sick teachers in the profile 1 and almost 4/5 of teachers in the profile 2. In regards to the gender it was found a positive correlation in the dimension of physic wastage, in which the female conversion rate (22,4%) was 21,7% higher than the male conversion rate (18,4%). In regards to the expertise area, the Mathematics teachers lead the sickening in its level 1 with 4,35% and the Nature Science teachers with 5,04% lead the sickening in its level 2. We point out through the results the need of deepening in the topic preferably in the longitudinal profile with the need of review of the educational politics of the State of Mato Grosso, aiming the strengthening of State politics at the expense of Government politics.