Acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico em profissionais de saúde, Mato Grosso – Brasil : 2007 a 2015

Abstract

Characterized as a public health problem, work accidents with exposure to biological material has aroused interest in government agencies and represents a risk considered preventable and should be attributed to a set of factors ranging from work environment to socioeconomic conditions. Its notification must be done in order to contribute to the mapping of risk situations and serve as a basis to guide prevention actions. Objective. To analyze the work accidents with exposure to biological material (ATMB), based on information from the notification/investigation form of the National Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), involving injured health professionals from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2007 to 2015. Methodology. This is a descriptive, ecological study, quantitative analysis, carried out through secondary data extracted from SINAN selecting 23 variables. The QGIS system version 2.14.14 was used for the construction of the maps, and the Stata v.13 program for the statistical analysis of data, as well as the multivariate clustering and matching analysis (cluster) allowed the identification of groups according to similar characteristics and their associations. In order to facilitate the visualization and interpretation of the results, tables, graphs and maps of the State of Mato Grosso were elaborated. Results. The results pointed to the occurrence of 3.542 ATMB between 2007 and 2015, predominating in this study, white race female who completed high school, public sector employment and the category of higher frequency was that of nursing technicians. The age group with the highest number of accidents was from 30 to 39 years, with mean age of 35,58 years. The leading cause of the accident was the needle and the biological material, the blood. The most used protection equipment was the glove and most of the professionals had been vaccinated against Hepatitis B virus, however, the serological tests showed a great quantity of professionals not immunized against HBV. The professionals knew the source patient and in relation to case Evolution, the discharge of the negative source patient was the one that prevailed the most. In relation to the cluster analysis it was verified that the Region and Regional Health Offices of Baixada Cuiabana, Rondonópolis and Sinop had the highest perceptual of injured professionals and the shortest time of occurrence of the accident. However, the correspondence analysis showed that the nursing professionals, dentists and the female oral health technicians had a higher identification of the source patient. Conclusion. The results of this study showed a greater need for attention in relation to work processes, follow-up of the professional after the accident, as well as to alert and inform public and private professionals and managers of the importance of creating and/or implementing specific programs to prevent the ATMB, valuing safe practices.