Corós (Coleóptera: Melolonthidae) associados a diferentes usos do solo na região de transição Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica

Abstract

Due to the great interaction with the soil, the soil entomofauna can be affected by several management practices, such as changes in use, monocultures, pesticide and fertilizer application, nutrient availability, among others. This study aimed to identify the species of white grubs. (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) that occur in the mid-north region of Mato Grosso and to evaluate the effect of land use on the density and diversity of these populations. The study was conducted in the city of Sorriso, MT, Brazil, between April and May 2018. The evaluated Land Use systems (SUS) were: direct sowing (DS) with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) succession in summer and maize (Zea mays L.) in the second crop, established pasture (PA) and native forest (NF). The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 3x2 factorial scheme with three SUS and two soil textural classes: clay and sandy with four replications totaling 24 plots. We collected 105 specimens distributed in 11 species, 6 genera and 6 tribes, belonging to the subfamilies Dynastinae, Rutelinae, Melolonthinae and Sericinae. The genus Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 presented the highest species richness (4), followed by Leucothyreus MacLeay, 1819 (2), Liogenys Guerín-Meneville, 1831 (2), Bothynus Hope, 1837 (1), Paranomala Casey, 1915 (1) and Astaena Erichson, 1847 (1). White grubs populations were affected by soil use and texture. The highest species richness was found in PA areas established under sandy soils most frequently from Astaena sp. The highest species diversity was found in PA when compared to DS and between the clay and sandy soils the diversity was similar. The highest density of chorus was found in PA areas established in sandy soils. In soils under NF there was no occurrence of chorus in the samplings.