Ensino-aprendizagem : um fato histórico para entender conceitos de Física

Abstract

With the purpose of promoting a meaningful learning, going against what is commonly occurring in classrooms, learning by rote, it was necessary to elaborate an educational product that uses a veridical subject, for the understanding of physical concepts. In this way, to show the student that physics is not a science apart to their daily life. Leaning but rather, it is so present in their lives and even through a historical fact one can help to learn novel physical concepts. Thus, this work aims to introduce in the classroom an educational product that help to understand some physical concepts, especially the Archimedes principle, through a historical fact which occurred during World War II, specifically on the days 15, 16 and 17 of August of 1942, resulting in the death of more than 600 people in the Brazilian coast. The protagonist of this death is the German submarine, U-507, sinking five ships (Baependy, Araraquara, Aníbal Benevolo, Itagiba and Arará). The educational product is composed of a LPS (Potentially Significant Teaching Unit) and an experimental apparatus. The LPS, a didactic sequence based on the Significant Learning of David Ausubel, which is intended to be a potentially significant material for the study of density and pressure that serve as the basis for understanding the main concept, is. e., the principle of Archimedes or thrust. On the other hand, the experimental apparatus produced from easily of easy access materials provides verification of the variation of the buoyancy modulus in the emersion and immersion of a vessel that simulates a submarine. This variation of the thrust modulus allows verifying the relation between the forces of thrust and its weight. In the case of equality between forces, there is a state of equilibrium between forces, so the resulting force is zero. On the other hand, in the case of rise or fall there will be an inequality between them, resulting in acceleration. The product was applied in the first two months, of a second year class, having another class also of the second year as a control group, which was treated in the traditional format.