“As máscaras de Deus” : um estudo sobre as implicações do pensamento trinitário nos primeiros escritos de Miguel Servet (1531-1532)

Abstract

The present dissertation has as its scope to analyze determinate social implications of the Trinitarian thought of the spanish theologian, Miguel Servet (1511-1553), from his firsts works: De Trinitatis erroribus (Mistakes concerning the Trinity), Dialogorum de Trinitate libri duo (Dialogues about the Trinity in two books) and De Iustitia et regno Christi (About Justice and the reign of Christ). Despite the process of religious reforms had been perpetrated along the sixteenth century, the Trinity dogma, whose orthodox formulation goes back to the fourth century of Christian Era, remained stoutly unscathed, even under penalty of reformers. The emergency, therefore, of Servet works consecrated to a “revision” of “orthodox trinitarism” rose up polemics concerning the tradition, once that the “past’s weights” seemed to overhang upon its interlocutors (“heirs of orthodoxy), as well problematics pertaining the authority were externalized, and masterful reformers theologians and catholics had endorsed the continuity of the line that has been started by the Council of Nicea (325) and, lastly, certainly it engendered repercussions attached to legitimacy of “materialization” of the Church as an empiric institution, since Servetian discourses debilitated the bases present in reasoning associative in example of thinking the churches in quality of “Christ’s Body”. Thus, Miguel Servet, reverting the image of a heretic, attributed this function to custodians of the traditional Trinitarian dogma, rose up to orthodox position in consonance to the few Cristian authors before Nicea. In the same measure, after the repercussions of his work, he refused to submit himself fully for his reformers interlocutors, stablishing a dialogue which was permeated by tensions and “negotiations” at some point, though the spanish theologian had preserved his main thesis about the Trinity. Finally, the Trinitarian doctrine brought by Servet shifted the Church’s consciousness associated to a tangible sign in benefit of determinate conception endowed of “spiritualism”, sealed by the Trinity’s comprehension as divine’s manifestations.