Perfil epidemiológico das dermatomicoses em crianças no município de Sinop - MT

Abstract

The dermatomicoses are diseases fúngicas what attack the superficial layers from the skin, hair or nails, and they constitute a problem of public health due to his high predominance. Epidemiológico of the agents etiológicos vary the profile in accordance with the climate and the cultural characteristics and socioeconômicas of the population, but they are caused principally for dermatófitos, yeasts and, in less extension, for funguses filamentosos not dermatófitos (FFND). The dermatomicoses do not appear among the diseases of compulsory notification in Brazil, only studies epidemiológicos broken up are reported in the national literature, when necessary inquiries are returning epidemiológicas and laboratoriais what report real data of the incidence of these diseases, so this study aimed to value the profile epidemiológico of the dermatomicoses at preschool children and originating schoolboys or not of communities with conditions socioeconômicas precarious at the local authority of Sinop – MT.The technique of sampling was of the type probabilística, multivaried by stratification not proportional, characterized by the team of positive children for dermatofitose, candidíase and pitiríase versicolor through classic methods in the LAMP (Laboratory Analyses Microbiological and Parasitológica) in the period between September of 2015 to local authority of Sinop – MT. Of the clinical evaluated specimens, 41 (5,2 %) was positive for dermatofitose, with 58,6 % of cases of tinea capitis, followed from injuries in the skin (tinea corporis and tinea ask) and injuries in the nails of the feet (tinea unguium), with bigger predominance of funguses zoofílicos. Microsporum kennels was isolated in 53,7 % of the cases and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 24,4 %, being the age group more attack of 6 months to 5 years with 46,3 % (p <0,05) and 12,2 %, respectively.For candidíase cutaneous, 71 (9,1 %) of the positive examinations, 59,1 % were cases of injuries in nails of the feet, followed from injuries interdigitoplantares in 12,7 %. The most attacked age group they were above 6 years with 94,4 % of cases of injuries in nails of the feet and different anatomical sieges from the skin, when statistical difference not is between the types. The sort Candida albicans was responsible for 70,4 % of the injuries. Of the 670 (85,7 %) positive examinations for pitiríase versicolor, the most attacked age group was childish from 6 to 10 years, totalizing 65,1 % cases and the most attacked anatomical sieges were a back with 38,5 % cases, being a 18,4 % in the masculine type and 20,1 % in the feminine one, followed one by injuries in multiple sieges like face, abdomem, back and arms, with 12,4 % in the masculine and 15,7 % in the feminine one. It is possible to end that our results agree with most of the studies epidemiológicos carried out in Brazil, demonstrating elevated frequency of mycosis in pre-school and school children, when the low conditions were made a list socioeconômicas, and deficient habits of personal hygiene and climatic favorable conditions in the local authority of Sinop - MT.