Violência e gênero : um estudo sobre a violência contra a mulher em Cuiabá - Mato Grosso, 2014 a 2018

Abstract

In Brazil, violence against women is legally defined as any conduct motivated by the fact that the victim is a woman, resulting in harm, death or suffering. In this territory, notifications of violence against women have doubled in the last five years, which may mean not only that violence has increased, but that there is a greater incentive to notify and report this type of crime. In the last two decades, public policies have been intensified, however they have not been able to curb violence, or represent it properly through the completeness of information. Objective: To reveal the magnitude of violence against women from an epidemiological and social point of view, in Cuiabá-Mato Grosso, from 2014 to 2018. Methodology: Descriptive-exploratory study, using the triangulation of methods. The quantitative stage of the research was carried out using secondary data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, constituted from the cases reported in Cuiabá of interpersonal violence perpetrated against women residing or not in that municipality. The study variables that represent the characteristics of the victim, the aggressor and the violence, were subjected to descriptive statistical analyzes and presented through relative frequency. To verify the factors associated with the repetition of violence, Odds Ratio association measures were used. Trend analysis was used to verify the behavior of the completeness of the variables. In the qualitative stage, data were collected through participant observation, document analysis and semi-structured interviews conducted with professionals who make up the Rede de Proteção à Pessoa em Situação de Violência Cuiabá/MT (RPPSV). Content analysis was used to treat the results of the field diary elaborated through participant observation, document analysis and interviews. In the end, in order to reveal the magnitude of the violence, a triangulation of quantitative data with qualitative data was carried out. Results: Children/adolescents (52.8%), black (74.1%), elementary education (53.4%), sexual violence (58.3%), violence committed by someone close (66.8%) prevailed and violence that occurred at the victim's residence (59.6%), these factors also being associated with repetition of the violence, with the exception of race/color. As for completeness, 40.0% of the mandatory variables were classified as poor and 81.0% showed a stationary tendency. Violence against women is not the focus of the actions planned by the RPPSV, however, the topic gains greater visibility as the obstacles and possibilities for improvements in care are discussed. The work overload and the scarcity of active professionals were the main weaknesses reported by the participants of the Network, the greatest potential refers to the commitment of the members inserted in this articulation process. Final considerations: This study offers information that reveals part of the scenario of violence against women in Cuiabá-MT and signals the need to improve the quality of information resulting from the notification and to seek strategies for the effectiveness of the RPPSV in order to intervene in the process of perpetration of violence against women and to deconstruct the cultural concepts already established in our society.