Habitação social evolutiva : análise do custo inicial de construção de um projeto do tipo embrião

Abstract

The problem of housing shortage is experienced in most countries of the world. Many governments and professionals have been trying to reduce this deficit by creating different programs and projects of social housing. The majority of these houses are designed to be built in series and in a rigid way. These are intended for a traditional family house setting. Therefore, house constructions are not adapted to the changing need of users nowadays. During the occupation phase the dweller usually make changes, personalize or expand his house, but these interventions become more expensive and with less quality than they could be if the house was originally planned to grow. Although the advantages of evolutionary housing are apparently greater than its disadvantages, the construction industry hasn’t adopted this concept as a common practice. The concept of an "unfinished" design, in terms of spaces and finishes, that allows the dweller to be his own architect, is not a practice used by entrepreneurs or housing projects developers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the costs of embryo type dwellings compared with standard non-progressive traditional dwellings. Through budgeting, in different scenarios, is expected to find economically feasible flexible housing alternatives. The intention is to generate interest in the subject of evolutionary and flexible housing and inspire the creation of new proposals with superior quality and with greater comfort for its users. The results showed that the evolutionary developments mostly are designed to be extended to the sides and to the back of the ground. The proposed project has shown to be a good option for flexibility and diversity of expansion options. As for the financial part, the embryo house has a decreased initial cost compared to the reference design. In this way it can allow access to housing to people of scarce resources, and these initial savings can be redirected to buy a better located land to the residential.