Políticas educacionais para adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social : um estudo alicerçado na análise crítica do discurso

Abstract

Education is a universal right guaranteed by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. The Statute of Children and Adolescents (1990) also guarantees children and teenagers the right to Education. However, research on young people in situations of social vulnerability, especially juvenile offenders who need to be integrated back into society, has shown that these adolescents experience some types of exclusion, such as difficulty returning to school after complying with a socio-educational procedure depriving them of liberty. The present research aims at investigating the Plano Decenal de Atendimento Socioeducativo do Estado de Mato Grosso (2015/2024) [Decennial Plan of Educational Assistance of Mato Grosso State] as well as the utterances of authorities and public managers who have been dealing with social reintegration, mainly the return to school of former juvenile offenders who comply with socio-educational procedures of assisted freedom and/or semi-freedom. The theoreticalmethodological basis comes from Critical Discourse Analysis (CHOULIARAKI; FAIRCLOUGH, 1999; FAIRCLOUGH, 2003), Systemic Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY, 1985; 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and Critical Realism (BARROS, 2015; BHASKAR, 1986; 1998). Data were collected from the Decennial Plan and analyzed by an action-oriented discourse approach in the categories of intertextuality, negation, metadiscourse, irony, presupposition, and discourse representation (direct and indirect). After, utterances of juvenile offenders were collected from questionnaires and interviews and then analyzed by discourse representation, interdiscursivity, and representation of social actors. The findings indicate that juvenile offenders seem to be aware of their rights concerning Education, yet there is still much to be done to achieve these rights effectively. The research presented herein also revealed that the Decennial Plan only favors actions aimed at the compliance of social-educational procedures in confinement - youth prisons - and does not favor the compliance of social-educational procedures in programs of semi-freedom and assisted freedom.