Nem um direito a menos! : é pela vida das mulheres : análise discursiva das ações impetradas na 23ª Região do TRT/MT pelas mulheres trabalhadoras mato-grossenses (anos 1940-1960)

Abstract

The object of study of thisthesis in Literary Studies are workingwomen in the state of Mato Grosso, whoworked in the labor market in the time frame between 1940 and 1960. weidentifiedworkrelationships, forms of oppression and genderexploitationimposedonworkingwomen in different socio-spatialcontexts, markedby the inferiority and invisibility of female know-how. The gaps in the areas of literary and historicalstudieson the subject in the context of academicproduction in Mato Grosso motivated the investigationinto the role of women in the world of work and theirstruggles for rights in the ordering of legal discourse. Thisneglect and the oppressionsuffered, in the collectiveimagination, werelargelyunderstood as “women'sproblems”. The mainsource of thisresearchfocuseson the judicial processes of the 23rd region of the Regional Labor Court – Mato Grosso (TRTMT), under the custody of the Regional Documentation and Historical InformationNucleus (NDIHR/UFMT), composed of 1,256 courtdocuments, filedbywomen, organized in the format of anindexedcatalog. The evidentiarymethod, introducedby Carlo Ginzburg (1987), allows a way of approachingfrom a dialogical perspective, through the perception of evidencepresent in the speeches of theseworkers, giving voice toexcluded and invisiblesectors in history. The thesisanalyzeshow the framing of women in spaces of disciplinedworktookplace; punishments and justifications for dismissal for just cause; and disqualification of the object of the actions. It also problematizes the result of theseactions, sincetheirconsequences are broader, encompassing social and economicinterests, notbeingrestrictedto meeting the claimants' claims. The diversity of thissource makes it possibletounderstand the variousthemesrelatedto the world of work (conflicts and negotiationsbetweenemployers and workersintermediatedby the Labor Court). The recordsalsoallowustoknow the thinking and actions of judges, “performingcomparativeanalyzesbetweencourts, verifying the profile of judges in certainregions, amongotherthematicdevelopments.” (GOMES, 2006). Even ifthey are nothegemonic, thesediscoursesdemarcate a space of experiencesatwork and a conservativecharacteristic of the winners, sustained in the uniquevision of the historicalconflicts of class, race and gender. In the space of state “power” in which the Labor Courtisstructured, hypothetically, it wasnotinterestingto socialize thesesources, as it wouldgivevisibilityto the struggle of women, who in theselawsuitsrecognizethemselves as subjects of rights in the world of work. Accordingto Alisson Droppa (2011), thesesourcestell the story of Brazilian social struggles and the construction of Labor Law and Justice in Brazil. Many of these processes wereeliminated and thosethatremain make upcollections of undeniablehistoricalvalue for research and actions for the social visibility of struggles.