Estudo da temperatura do ar em diferentes alturas utilizando análise de componentes principais e geoestatística em floresta no sudoeste da Amazônia

Abstract

The Amazon Rainforest, being one of the largest humid tropical forests on the planet and the fact that any change in its ecosystem can affect the local and global climate, makes it one of the most important tropical forests. Therefore, knowledge about the interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere is very important to understand how the dynamics of the canopy will respond to microclimate variations. The study carried out analyzes, using main components and the geostatistics of air temperatures at different heights of the soil (2, 12, 22, 32, 54 and 62 meters) in the canopy of the southwestern Amazon Forest, investigating the vertical and temporal variability and the influence that an air temperature at each height has on the others, thus defining the existence of the interaction between vegetation and the region's microclimate, presenting a lower air temperature inside the canopy. In the geostatistical process, time variability was verified, showing the existence of a time cycle. In the principal component analysis (PCA), the influence of air temperatures at different heights was confirmed. Therefore, the presence of the Amazon Forest directly influences the air temperature, thus forming the region's microclimate.