Inclusão digital : proposta teórico-conceitual e técnica para avaliar a performance de políticas na universidade

Abstract

In the educational context, digital inclusion aims to ensure that teachers, students and technicians have the means and capacity to access, use, produce and distribute information and knowledge, since technology has been presented as a key factor for social and economic development, empowered and engaged people in the information society. However, the benefits perceived by the use of technological resources and the Internet are unevenly distributed. Thus, the Ecology of Games proved to be viable for allowing the integration of public spheres in the formulation of policies in an attempt to mitigate the effects of the digital divide. As these are technological and innovation products, the methodology of the Lean Startup cycle (Build-Measure-Learn) was applied for internal and external validation of the dataset of the model for evaluating the performance of digital inclusion policies at the university proposed as main goal. Starting from a systematic literature review, with the support of ATLAS.ti® content analysis software, guided by Ecology of Games and OKR, resulting in a framework for formulating high-performance digital inclusion policies, related to the phase “build” from Lean Startup. Continuing the “construction”, using exploratory techniques and data triangulation, a data collection instrument was developed to assess the key criteria associated with digital inclusion, using the theoretical-conceptual construct evidenced in the previous phase. The constructs were converted into empirical indicators, which were validated in the “measure” stage of the cycle. Ending up with learning from the feedback of stakeholders and the specialist, indicating points for improvement that would suit the real needs of the university population. The theoretical contributions of Ecology of Games refer to its adequacy to the specificities and complexity characteristic of the problem, having as main results the evolution of the scientific discourse on digital exclusion, identifying categories and subcategories of key criteria for digital inclusion, giving rise to to the proposed framework. Based on the theoretical contributions of the literature systematization, an instrument was developed to assess key criteria associated with digital inclusion, later validated in theoretical and technical aspects by the stakeholders and the specialist. In a complementary and synergistic way, the gathering of findings evidenced the key criteria for digital inclusion (MVP). With regard to procedures, it should be noted that the model responds to the lack of systematization reported in Decision 1299/2021, and can be replicated in other Brazilian Universities and Federal Institutes. Furthermore, the study showed that the structuring pillars of the policies come from the association of key criteria, prioritized in a hierarchical way, so that the technological planning and the articulation of policies are carried out, guided by the Ecology of Games and the OKRs. Among the limitations of the research, the intrinsic characteristics of the method, the sample, the statistical validation of the MVP and the managerial implications (definition of strategies and resources) stood out. For future research, it is suggested that a situational diagnosis be carried out, evaluating the aspects recommended in the framework, such as: access; digital skills; psychological and; sociodemographic, through the available instrument; validation and statistical analysis, based on the pilot application; develop a database project for historical series.