Avaliação de Lejeunea cancellata como agente modulador em linhagens de células tumorais e do colostro humano

Abstract

Breast cancer is considered a multifactorial disease that results from interactions between genetic, immunological and environmental factors. Among environmental factors, it is known that diet plays a key role in the etiology of cancer. There is evidence that human milk may confer long-term benefits, such as reducing the risk of developing cancer. In breast cancer, macrophages represent one of the main components of the immune infiltrate, these cells seem to contribute to the progression and spread of tumors, but studies suggest that these cells can be reprogrammed to act as a potent antitumor immune response. In addition to the mechanisms involved in the interaction between immune system cells and tumor progression, studies have related the use of plants as an alternative for tumor immunotherapy, among which the Cerrado bryophytes stand out. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate Lejeunea cancellata extract as a modulating agent in tumor cell lines breast cancer (MCF-7) and human colostrum. The natural extract of Lejeunea cancellata was prepared; and from this, immunophenotyping assays, cytokine dosage and data analysis were performed. There was an increase in the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-8 in the groups co-cultured with MCF-7 in the presence of Lejeunea cancellata. A decrease in the expression of CD14 (macrophages), CD163, CD197 (M2) and CD86 (M1) is observed in colostrum cells when they were treated with Lejeunea cancellata. in co-culture with MCF-7 cells. Thus, these data suggest that colostrum macrophages differentiate into M1 and M2 and that the bryophyte Lejeunea cancellata decreases the percentage of both macrophage phenotypes when co-cultured with MCF-7 breast tumor cells, suggesting that the bryophyte can inhibit the formation of inflammatory infiltrate caused by M1 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment and, at the same time, the progression of M2 macrophages that favor tumorigenesis.