Avaliação do conhecimento técnico dos profissionais de saúde que realizam a baciloscopia para o diagnóstico da hanseníase em uma região de saúde do Norte de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Leprosy is an infectious disease, whose etiological agent is called Mycobacterium leprae, the disease is also called leprosy (HM). The bacillus has a predilection for the host's epithelial cells and peripheral nerves, its mechanism of action occurs through neurogenic and inflammatory pathways, causing deficiencies and incapacities. The aim of the study was to assess the technical knowledge of health professionals who perform sputum smear microscopy for the diagnosis of leprosy in a health region in northern MT. This is a descriptive study, carried out in the 14 municipalities that make up the Teles Pires-MT region. For data collection, two structured instruments were used, one referring to the process of collecting, smearing and assembling the intradermal scraping slide and the other related to the slide coloring process. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the biochemist is the health professional who works the most, both in collecting and making the slide, and in coloring the slide for sputum smear microscopy 10 (58,3%). With regard to training to carry out the collection, 11 (64.7%) of the professionals responded that they received training and/or updating and 6 (35.3) did not receive any type of training and/or updating. Of the professionals who performed the staining of the bacilloscopy exam, 7 (58.3%) responded that they received training and/or updates for the procedure and 5 (41.7%) responded that they did not receive training and/or updates. Regarding the number of different points in which the collection for sputum smear microscopy should be performed, 16 (94.1%) responded that they collected at 4 different points and 1 (5.9%) at 6 points. As for the places where the material for sputum smear microscopy should be collected, the right ear lobe and the left elbow were the most mentioned, both with 12 (20.68%) answer. Quality control, standardization of technique and adequate training with continuing education may be necessary to reduce inconsistencies and increase the reliability of exams performed in that region.