Transtornos de humor e vitamina D : um estudo em portadores de transtorno de ansiedade e depressão

Abstract

Introduction: Depression and anxiety are common clinical conditions today. These mood disorders may be related to changes in biochemical markers, such as total cholesterol, lipid fractions, CRP and vitamin D, the latter of which plays an important role in mental health, due to its anti-inflammatory action and in the regulation of brain processes, influencing neurotransmission and neuroplasticity. Objective: To analyze the relationship between serum concentrations of vitamin D and the biochemical profile of patients with depressive disorder and anxiety disorder treated at the biopsychosocial outpatient clinic of the Júlio Müller University Hospital in Cuiabá-MT. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional clinical study, carried out in the city of Cuiabá - MT, with 222 patients over 18 years of age, diagnosed with depression and anxiety, from the Júlio Muller University Hospital, from the biopsychosocial outpatient clinic. Data from medical records (demographic, biochemical and nutritional status) were analyzed. The sample was divided according to age, adults or elderly, plasma levels of vitamin D, sufficient or insufficient; and diagnosis, depression or anxiety. The tests performed to verify data normality were the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (n > 30) and Shapiro-Wilk (n < 30) tests. For comparisons between groups, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-U test was applied. The Spearman/Pearson correlation was used to track the association between concentrations of vitamin D levels and other variables studied. In the hypothesis tests, significance levels p ≤0.05 were considered. Results: The mean age of the women was 50.46 ± 12.84 years. Depression was observed in 83% of the population studied and anxiety in 17%. In this study, 47.7% of the patients had insufficient concentrations of vitamin D. The following were observed: higher concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL and creatinine and lower concentrations of platelets in women with anxiety disorder; lower levels of potassium and higher levels of total cholesterol were observed when there was vitamin D insufficiency. Positive correlations of vitamin D with BMI and potassium were obtained in depression disorder and inverse correlations with cholesterol and TGP in anxiety disorder. When insufficient, vitamin D was positively correlated with BMI and inversely with uric acid, creatinine and leukocytes. Conclusion: Anxiety disorder appears to result in higher dyslipidemia, creatinemia and lower plasma platelet levels. In vitamin D insufficiency, there are higher plasma levels of cholesterol and lower levels of potassium. Only in the presence of sufficient vitamin D there were positive correlations with anthropometric variables and negative correlations with biochemical variables.