Fertilidade do solo em sistemas integrados de produção de leite, na região de transição Cerrado Floresta Amazônica

Abstract

The degraded pasture and low soil fertility are reasons for low production of dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil fertility in integrated systems of milk production in the Cerrado region of transition to the Amazon rainforest. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa agrosilvopastoral, located at Sinop - MT. The soil in the area is the Red-Yellow Latosssolo dystrophic. The experiment was deployed into the field in 2011, being conducted in an area of 40 ha were divided into four cultivation systems, each with 10 ha (2nd year crop, pasture 1st year, 2nd year of grazing and farming 1 ° year) who were divided into three treatments (a: Crop-Livestock integration, B: Integration of Agriculture-Forest, with double rows of eucalyptus on the sides and C: integration Agriculture-Forest, with triple rows of eucalyptus ). The collection of samples for chemical analysis were performed in four cropping systems and variables for each treatment with three replications points. The analyzes were pH, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, calcium, magnesium and hydrogen + aluminum, where the values were determined from this sum of bases, cation exchange capacity at pH 7 and base saturation. Data were analyzed using the SAS ® 10% significance. In treatment A, all variables except for the H + Al showed differences in some farming systems. Whereas the B treatments showed differences in all variables in some farming systems. In treatment B, K was the nutrient that was different on all systems. You C MO did not differ in any culture system, treatment C and the average concentrations ranged from 26.8 to 29.8 g kg-1. Regarding cropping systems the pH ranged from 4.8 to 5.5 in the forest fallow crops varied from 5.2-5.4. The concentrations of K, Al + H and V, were influenced by cropping systems. The forest showed low values except for Al + H. The K concentrations varied considerably among cropping systems in all treatments. The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium showed variability in crop systems evaluated, and potassium showed differences in all systems for treatments A and B. The base saturation obtained an increase in all cropping systems and fallow, after human action.