Esportes de rede/quadra dividida nas aulas de educação física : as possibilidades pedagógicas por meio dos jogos reduzidos no ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research is about the thematic unit Sports from the classification model based on the internal logic and on the distribution of sports modalities into categories, thus, sports are divided into seven categories: Invasion; Striking/fielding; Net/Wall; Target; Brand; Technical-combinatory; and Combat. The aim of the study is to analyze the teacher's practice with the content net sports, from the experimentation of the smallsided games as a pedagogical possibility in the classes of School Physical Education. The research was carried out in two public schools, with 8th grade students, in a qualitative approach, with methodological outline of research-action. As a data collection instrument, two questionnaires were used. A diagnostic questionnaire was used to understand the students' experiences and expectations about the net sports content and from this diagnosis a didactic unit was planned. At the end of this didactic unit, an exit questionnaire was applied to understand the impact on students' learning, as well as to verify their opinion on the use of small-sided games in Physical Education classes. Another instrument for data collection was the field diary. The collected data were organized using the coding categories proposed by Bogdan and Biklen. The results were discussed based on two categories, “Implementation of the didactic unit with teaching net sports” and “Potentialities and difficulties of small-sided games in the teaching process of net sports”. We found that students enjoyed learning new and different sports through small-sided games, considering that it was easier to learn and to play the sports taught. As potentialities, we understand that small-sided games ensured that all students played at the same time, or that at least they were involved and actively participating in the class; provided students with greater participation and importance in game actions and situations, ensuring more contact with the ball/implement and making games and classes more motivating and interesting for them. Among the difficulties with the strategy of small-sided games, considering the context of Brazilian education and its structural and training conditions, we can point out the need for a greater amount of materials, especially when it comes to public schools; and the insecurity of teachers in teaching sports based on new trends in sports pedagogy. We conclude that small-sided games is a pedagogical possibility that favors the teaching of the net sports category in the school environment, especially for sports that are officially played individually or in pairs, contributing to diversification and facilitation of teaching practices of the body culture of movement in Physical Education classes.