Identificação e atribuição de responsabilidade em casos de violência doméstica avaliadas a partir de vinhetas e ilustrações

Abstract

Domestic and family violence against women involves any gender-related action or omission that results in death or physical, psychological, sexual, property, or moral harm, as set forth in Law 11.340/06. Thus, the definition is broad and includes situations that are quite distinct from one another. The present study covered these situations in two studies. Study 1. had the objective of investigating whether a sample of the Brazilian population identifies, differentiates, and names the different forms of domestic violence represented in images. While study 2. investigated how a sample of the Brazilian population assesses the severity and attributes responsibility, to the man or the woman, from vignettes depicting different forms of domestic violence. The work had 1331 participants, 1038 women and 287 men, with a predominant age range between 18 and 22 years old, who answered four questionnaires via internet: (I) Sociodemographic questionnaire; (II) Identification of domestic violence in images (III) Severity assessment instrument and attribution of responsibility in cases of domestic violence; and (IV) Williams' questionnaire on beliefs regarding domestic violence. Analyses of the results suggest differences in identification, severity assessment, and attribution of responsibility for situations involving the different types of violence. Physical and psychological violence are the most frequently identified, as well as being assessed as severe and responsibility assigned to the perpetrator. Sexual violence is identified as violence, but not easily named. In the case of moral and patrimonial violence, the identification is less frequent, and the evaluations on seriousness and responsibility are more varied. Thus, the importance of planning educational measures aimed at increasing the ability to identify and evaluate cases of domestic violence involving physical, sexual, psychological, moral, and property damage is highlighted.