Análise espaço-temporal do avanço agrícola no município de Campo Novo do Parecis nos períodos de 1990, 2006 e 2009 e os reflexos inerentes nas APPs e reservas legais

Abstract

Analyses of occupation in various regions of the country have shown that the Brazilian Forest Code provisions concerning the Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserves have often been violated, resulting in increased deforestation followed by farming activities in these areas. This study aims to examine the use and occupation in Campo Novo do Parecis during 1990, 2006 and 2009, evaluating the commitment of the APPs and legal reserves due to the failure of commitment to the Environmental Code of Mato Grosso. To this end, it was done the mapping of land cover and use for the city, drawn from the supervised classification of LANDSAT-TM5 (for the years 1990 and CBERS CCD for 2006 and 2009), using the software SPRING 4.3 and ArcGIS 9.3. Then an overlap of use was done with the 131 properties that entered the EMS with the Single Environmental License, which made it possible to quantify the Legal Reserves and APPs. It occurred the separation of properties that in 2006 presented under 20% of the legal reserve, from those with 20.01 to 69% and from those that had legal reserve areas with the corresponding percentage established by the Environmental Code of Mato Grosso. Then by selecting at random into two groups some of the properties within the three segments mentioned and made correction to the year 2009. The results showed that the percentage of deforestation had grown considerably over the years, from 39.58% in 1990 to 49.98% in 2006 across the county. The PPAs that should be preserved in their entirety, they still had, all along the city 17.94% of their areas with anthropogenic activities in 2006. The areas of rural properties, corresponds to 43.73% of the total area of the city, these can be seen that 71.76% is at odds with the Environmental Code, of which 43% do not preserve the minimum of 20% which should present the legal reserve in the interior of its property and only 28.24% are still respecting the law. The update performed for the year 2009 showed that the properties which were with percentage of vegetation below the permitted increased deforestation in the following years, while 50% of those preserved in 2006 maintained its legal reserve areas.