Ainda podemos ser camaradas? : uma revisão da literatura sobre os processos de adoecimento e alienação no contexto de trabalho terceirizado

Abstract

The concept of labor has a protagonist role in the marxist perspective, since this theory understands work as the human generic activity, a process responsible for the construction of the being and its society; however, in the capitalist system of production, labor is continuously alienated and at a loss of realization of its positive consequences. Taking into consideration the great impact of the Law n. 13.429/2017 (also known as “Law of Outsourcing”, that makes unrestricted outsourcing of workers possible and reorganizes the capitalist system by the standards of flexible capitalism) we dedicated ourselves in this research to a integrative review of the literature relevant to the theme of workers health in order to uncover how workers illnesses, social labor relations and alienation have been addressed by the scientific literature in the context of the outsourcing of work. As a result we obtained a total of 75 articles, published in a ten year period (2013-2023), whose analysis was divided into three thematic axes: a) illnesses and outsourced work; b) social labor relations and outsourced work and c) alienation and outsourced work. Our analysis uncovered that the outsourcing of work has implications in the ailment of workers, in the fragmentation of their social labor relations and in the intensification of their alienation. Therefore, we can affirm that the precarious conditions of outsourced work doesn't extend itself only to the political and economical scope of discussion, also finding it’s way towards the subjectivity of the worker, demonstrating intimate relations to the ailment of workers, the precariousness of their social relations and feelings of alienation. This research made it possible for us to have a integrated perspective of the suffering of outsourced workers and the weakening of workers class collectivity, while also pointing that alienation can be a important category of analysis/research to comprehend outsourcing’s conditions of work, an ever growing reality in the brazilian context.