Determinação social da saúde mental de um assentamento de reforma agrária em Mato Grosso

Abstract

Mental health can be understood as a product of material relations of existence and way of life, considering the inequities and inequalities present in human relations, the mode of production and its consequences in health terms. In Mato Grosso, the relationship between agribusiness and its socio-sanitary-environmental implications is discussed, including its impacts on subjectivity. Thus, we sought to understand aspects of the Social Determination of Mental Health in a land reform settlement, with characteristics of agroecological transition and situations of vulnerability to contemporary slave labor in the State. This is qualitative research of an exploratory and participatory nature, in which open interviews, documentary research, participant observation with recording in the field journal and psychosocial group. The data produced was coded, organized and arranged into themes based on Content Analysis, listing eight explored themes that allowed the description of the Community's mental health: 1) Socioeconomic Aspects; 2) Medicalization of life and psychological suffering; 3) Care on/of the land: political, historical, environmental and subjective interrelations; 4) Gender relations and violence. 5) Aging, grief and the COVID-19 pandemic. 6) Communication, collectivity and political relations; 7) Public Health, Assistance and Education Policies. Then, based on the categorization by the Critical Processes Matrix, critical protective and destructive health processes of this population were described, articulated within the domains of the 4S of life: Sustainability, which is expressed by the contradiction between the way of producing consistent with the principles agroecological and the impacts arising from life in a territory predominantly based on the logic of agribusiness, Sovereignty, which is only possible in the fight for territory, with the legalization of land ownership and the mitigation of suffering resulting from instability, which generates situations of vulnerability and thus allowing exploitation in the form of Contemporary Slave Labor. Solidarity, which demands the search for gender, ethnic, economic equity and justice and the promotion of collectivity in the territory. Finally, Biosecurity, which materialized by food security, traditional care of mental health and preference for nutrition without the use of pesticides, even though it demands strengthening the actions of Health and Social Assistance services in the territory, thus aiming to guarantee rights and quality of life for the population. In short, to promote a healthy life in Fonte de Luz, it is necessary to implement a series of measures to combat problems at a general, particular and singular level, which will only be possible with the continuity of participatory work, built together with the Community, which will enable contexts for healthy, sustainable, sovereign, supportive, biosecurity, dignified, autonomous and emancipated existences.