Tabagismo e saúde bucal nos usuários dos serviços odontológicos do Sistema Único de Saúde, Cuiabá - MT

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the association between tobacco and the oral health alterations on users of dental services of SUS in Cuiabá. Methods: Interview with standard questionnaire and buccal clinical examination were applied in 1040 users of the dental services from SUS-Cuiabá, prebooked for the first session in the months of November and December of 2004. During the interviews social-economical information, use of drugs and alcohol, previous pathological history, and absenteeism because of oral problems were collected. The clinical examination was consisted of detection of the oral membrane lesions, verification of the periodontics and dental conditions, presence of prostheses and necessity of prosthetic rehabilitation. Association tests were applied (PR and x 2 ) to a significance level of 5% and confidence interval of 95%. Results: From the 1040 users, 67.4% were female and 32.6% were male; 89.1% had a monthly income up to 2 minimum wages; 18.3% considered themselves regular smokers; 17.8% ex-smokers; and 63.9% non-smokers. The smokers were average 35.5 years old; smoked average 12.8 cigarettes a day; started smoking in adolescence. When applying Fargeström Test, 23.1 had high dependence and 72.6% have already tried to stop. Smokers presented more lesions in the membrane and DMF-T. Tobacco was associated with schooling; sex; religion; marital status; absenteeism due to oral problems; drugs; alcohol; DMF-T; exposed roots; leucoplakias; insertion losses over 8 mm; superior and inferior prosthetic. Conclusions: The smokers had presented worse conditions of oral health and the highest necessity of prosthetic rehabilitation. The tobacco was associated to the most of the oral alterations found.