Análise florística de plantas aquáticas na área de influência da UHA Sinop no rio Teles Pires, Amazônia Meridional

Abstract

Aquatic environments are home to a diversity of species and knowledge of plant communities is essential for wetland conservation programs. This study provides a list of hydrophytic plants from a region of the Teles Pires River in Mato Grosso and establishes their floristic similarities with other geopolitical regions in Brazil. We compiled 55 works with records of aquatic plants, being 29 floristic survey studies and 26 taxonomic and ecological studies. A total of 842 individuals in 92 species and 35 families represented by 4 types of habits and 7 life forms sampled at the study site. The families with the highest species richness were Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (09), the genera Cyperus and Eleocharis (Cyperaceae) with seven species, and Ludwigia (Onagraceae), five species. The floristic comparison showed that the South and Southeast regions are more similar to each other. The Northeast region is different and separate from the others. The North and Center-West regions have the greatest similarity to the study site. In general, the aquatic plants found at the study site have an almost uniform distribution throughout the country. The sampled species present habits and life forms classified as: herb/amphibian, sub-shrub/amphibious, herb/emergent, climber/emergent, shrub/amphibious, herb/rooted submerged, herb/floating submerged, herb/free-floating, herb/ rooted floating, subshrub/amphibious and subshrub/emergent. The high number of hydrophytic plant species recorded in different regions of Brazil suggests their high adaptation to different climates. The gathering of the data presented demonstrates the wide biodiversity of wetlands in Brazil, provides a basis for future research and points out the need for regional conservation planning.