Fatores associados às lesões bucais submetidas a biópsia

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The oral lesions`s prevalence are related to some factors that must have been known and controlled. The tabacco represents one of the more important risk factor for oral pathological diseases, cancerizable or not. In many times it does not shows symptoms or signals, what is worse, because the patients or their dentists does not observes any changes in the mouth. The oral lesions must be diagnosticated and treated early, before gets worse. The health promotion and early detection are required to guarantee a successful treatment. OBJECTIVE: To describe the main factors associated to the oral lesions METHODS: A descriptive study from the files’s information were collected from the odontology clinic’s archive of University of Cuiabá (UNIC), it was reorganized in own forms for these research. The population were composed by 146 patients submitted to oral biopsy in 2004. RESULTS: The relevants variables for this research were: a)Oral cancer: sex: male (64,7%); age: >45 years ( 79,4%); job: agriculture and cattle raising sectors (20,6%); local: tongue (26,5%); smoke (58,8%) and alcohol (47,1%). b)PRE-MALIGN LESIONS: sex: male (61,1%); age: >45 years( 66,7%); job: sector agriculture and cattle raising, teacher and retired (11,1%); local: lips and mucosa (33,3%); smoke (55,5%) and alcohol (27,8%). c)BENIGN LESIONS: sex: female (59,6%), age: <45 years (67,7%), job: house wife (18,1%), local: mucosa (45,7%); smoke (22,3 %) and alcohol (19,2%). CONCLUSION: Despite the smoke factor, the others associated factors to oral cancer lesions were: sex male, to be older than 45 years, to work in the agriculture and cattle raising sectors and to have the lesions in the tongue. The health promotion must improve the people´s quality of life by actions that gives better conditions, increasing the chances to change some habits. Between theses actions we have the tabacco´s consumption reduction. The dental surgeon must give some orientations and to educate their patients about the risk´s factors for oral lesions.