A poluição atmosférica em decorrência das queimadas e a mortalidade por doenças do aparelho circulatório da população idosa residente na Amazônia brasileira

Abstract

Studies had shown that air pollution may cause damage to the circulatory system. The burning of biomass is one of the main issuers of atmospheric pollution in the Brazilian Amazon region. Objective: To analyze the association between air pollution caused by the fires and mortality due to circulatory diseases of the population elderly in the Brazilian Amazon Region. Method: The study was conducted in two articles, the first epidemiological study, the ecological distribution of standard mortality rates for diseases of the circulatory system of elderly residents in Brazilian Amazon in the period from 1998 to 2007 and the second epidemiological study of ecological mortality by disease of the circulatory system (CAD), due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and brain vascular disease (CVD) in the micro regions of the Brazilian Amazon Region in the year 2005 associated with the annual estimates of PM2.5 above 25 μg/m3 for the year of 2005. Results : There is growing trend of increase in CVD mortality ( βˆ1 28.34 p = 0.01 ). The spatial distribution of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in the elderly, with more than 65 years old in the year 2007 presents hot spots with higher rates of mortality, in the central region of the state of Mato Grosso, north of the Tocantins, in the East, Central Rondônia and Southwest of Maranhão. It was found association of HA%PM2.5 with the mortality rates or CAD and AMI. The association of the indicator of exposure with the CVD mortality rates and higher for the elderly with 80 years and more compared to other age groups (βadjusted= 0.05; p= 0.002). Conclusion: The Amazon presents increasing trend with high mortality rates due to diseases of the circulatory system and the geographical areas with higher rates are located in the region in “Arc of deforestation". The rate of mortality due to CAD in the elderly with 65 years and older, living in the Brazilian Amazon had association with air pollution caused by emissions from burning.