Estudo dos processos erosivos com aplicação de abordagem morfopedológica na sub-bacia do Rio do Sapo, sudoeste de Mato Grosso

Abstract

The current research involves a study of erosion morfopedológica approach with application of the sub-basin of the River Toad, located in southwest Mato Grosso, in order to compartmentalize the basin study as the vulnerability to erosion, and identify the main strengths and vulnerabilities their physical environment. In this sense, from the mapping of soil, topography and geology, conducted on a scale of 1:50,000, it became possible to partition mapping areas of relatively homogeneous with respect to aspects of the physical environment (soil, landform and rocks) and functioning of the water, resulting in morfopedológico map of the study area, based on the methodology presented by Castro and Solomon (2000). The map morfopedológico served as the basis for the understanding of erosion and subsequent mapping of vulnerability to erosion and linear laminar sub-basin, as Solomon (2010), as well as subsidized the elaboration of a letter of potentialities and limitations on land use, with emphasis on possible conflicts related to water resources. Identified the presence of morfopedológicos compartments 11, but though there is generally a predominance of relatively soft ground and formed by essentially sandy soils, which corresponds to about 76% of the total study, represented by the compartments morfopedológicos MP-06 (PSAMENT in large hills) and MP-08 (PSAMENT on ramps). Regarding the units most vulnerable to erosion, it appears that these are precisely the compartments where most linear erosional features mapped. If standing out as fragile sites, the wide sandy bay hills MP-06, the sectors of the middle and lower slopes occupied by both the hills PSAMENT medium compartment MP-05, as in the amphitheatres of drainage of the head of MP-10, addition of ramps coluvionadas and talus deposits of the MP-07, which have sandy soils. The letter of potentialities and limitations letter identified some areas with marked anthropogenic problems resulting from the interaction in the physical environment, especially the caminhamentos cattle within and beyond the funds of river valleys and areas of headwater drainages of the MP-05 and MP-06, resulting in erosion at these sites, with evidence of progressive lowering of water level, silting and loss hydromorphism.