Qualidade da fibra de algodão adensado submetido a sistemas de colheita mecânica

Abstract

The cultivation of cotton in the Cerrado, in large areas, was possible by high investment and technology, particularly in mechanized harvesting, making the business viable. However, the use of harvester causes qualitative and quantitative losses of the final product, reducing the profitability of production. Aimed to evaluate the fiber characteristics of narrow row cotton using crop platforms picker-12 VRS and stripper. The experiment was conducted in two farms of in the municipalities of Sorriso and Campo Verde - MT in crop years 2014 and 2015, respectively. The experimental design was randomized blocks with seven replicates in the first year and six in the second year. The treatments consisted of five harvesting systems in Sorriso (2014): picker-12 VRS, finger stripper with HL extractor, finger stripper without extractor HL, brush stripper with extractor HL and brush stripper without extractor HL. In the municipality of Campo Verde (2015) were four treatments: picker12 VRS, brush stripper with HL extractor, brush stripper without extractor HL and manually harvest. The efficiency of the harvester was quantified by determining the yield and total loss. It was quantified impurities cotton by determining the percentage of bark and stem present in the sample. The following technological fiber characteristics were analyzed through the HVI tool: Area - item percentage shot that is not cotton; UHM - length (mm); SFC - short fiber index (%) Elg - elongation; Mic - micronaire index; +b - degree of yellowing; Rd - degree of reflection (%); LUI - length uniformity index (%); STR - strength (gf tex-1 ). The results were submitted to analysis of variance by F test, and when significant, Tukey's test at 5% probability. The cotton management in dense system has a significantly lower amount of trash when harvested with the harvester picker-12 VRS. The extractors HL stripper harvesters brush and comb provide cotton to a lesser lump amount of stem and bark. The picker-12 VRS VRS harvester failed to show that preserved the intrinsic quality of the fiber