Eficiência da gramínea Paspalum notatum Flügge (Poaceae) para proteção e conservação de taludes em aterro sanitário industrial

Abstract

The Landfill Industrial Solid Waste Disposal, designed through projects aimed at the treatment and disposal of industrial waste. Among the problems faced by managers of these sites are the conservation of slopes formed by the disposal of waste and inert material, which are subject to weather conditions, physical and environmental, in addition to controlling the emission of gases such as CO2 and CH4 in these locations. Currently, revegetation strategies have been widely used as a solution of these problems, as they allow the conservation of degraded areas, improved aesthetics and thermal comfort. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of Paspalum notatum Flugge, the Poaceae family, as a protective agent and conservation of layers of embankments of Industrial Solid Waste Landfill, aimed at adapting these to technical and legal requirements. Research developed in situ by the cell 26m2

(13x2m) delimited in areas with and without the grass. Soil samples were collected from the slopes covering layer, which were subjected to physical and chemical analysis with characterization purposes. The collections of plant species were determined parameters such as number of leaves, root size and shoot, and the dry mass with growth assessment purposes and efficiency in retaining soil particles. There were also collected sediment carried through the rain, which helped determine the total volume drained in each plot, the concentration of pellets by grain size analysis, and the vegetation contribution to prevent soil loss. Soil analyzes demonstrated homogeneity ground, which was characterized as sandy clay in both cells, but with permeability 1,0x10-6

cm/s in the area with

grass and 1,1x10-6

cm/s in the cell with grass. Chemical analysis revealed an increase in fertility of revegetated soil, an increase of macro and micronutrients and values of cationic exchange, base saturation and aluminum saturation. The temperature decreased by up to 3 ° C with the implementation of species and, similarly, the soil moisture in the presence of grass is always higher (8.56%) than in the area without grass (4%). The characterization of vegetation, it has been found that the aerial part and the roots of P. notatum species grown over the sample well with dry mass, which increased to 83% during the experimental period. Regarding the soil loss, it can be inferred that the species was effective in soil retention carried by rain, while retaining an average of 82% of the sludge on cultivated areas. There was also a change of particle size composition of the sediment, which in the area without grass consists of fine particles such as silt and clay, and the area with grass consists of medium and fine sand.