Estudo do perfil cardiometabólico, clínico, funcional e biomecânico em atletas do paradesporto

Abstract

Introduction: The evaluation of physical-metabolic and psychological parameters is commonly implemented in sports and this conduct helps to understand individual needs, enabling the insertion of strategies and periodization based on the optimization of athletic performance and prevention of sports injuries. However, there are many gaps regarding such information in the sports universe, especially involving Brazilian jiu-jitsu, practiced by athletes with disabilities. Objectives: To investigate outcomes related to cardiometabolic, functional and clinical parameters in Brazilian sports jiu-jitsu practitioners through primary studies; and to investigate the profile of sports, hormonal and biomechanical injuries in athletes of the general parasports, through secondary studies. Methods: To respond to the proposed objectives, eight studies were carried out in two stages. Thus, stage 1 was characterized by five clinical studies (primary), which comprised observational studies and a clinical trial with designs that demonstrated responses on the behavior of different variables (hormonal, muscle damage, immune system, pain, recovery, outcomes cardiovascular and epidemiological profile of injuries) in response to the practice of Brazilian sports jiu-jitsu; In step 2, three studies of systematic review (secondary) were developed that included athletes with disabilities of all sports modalities available in the literature, and analyzed the following outcomes: epidemiological profile of sports injuries; hormonal variation; and biomechanical analysis. This study was approved by the research ethics committee involving human beings at the Federal University of Mato Grosso (opinion number: 2,997,241) and each study was duly registered in order to increase transparency and make detailed information available to the scientific community of interest. . In addition, checklists recommended for the design of each type of study were followed in order to ensure methodological quality implemented to the procedures performed. Results: Clinical studies carried out in Brazilian sports jiujitsu athletes demonstrated that the effort required during combat is sufficient to alter the organism's basal homeostasis, but that, however, all the alterations observed (in biochemical, clinical and hormonal markers) seem recover after a few hours, which apparently does not denote stress or chronic impacts. In turn, through the systematic review studies carried out, it was found that parameters in sports related to the epidemiology of sports injuries, the magnitude of hormonal and biomechanical changes, demonstrate a direct relationship with the type of athlete's disability and the sport practiced. Therefore, it is pertinent that clinicians support their practical actions based on a clear understanding of these two factors in the athletic profile in question. Conclusions: The data presented correspond to the diagnostic information that should be used in order to improve conditions that permeate the competitive scenario for sports, modulating relationships between physiological and clinical responses, in order to improve the balance conditions of the organism and allow safe levels for practice sports.