Modulação pelos extratos da polpa e do óleo do Caryocar brasiliense nas atividades antioxidante in vitro e antiploriferativa em coculturas de células mononucleares do sangue com células MCF-7

Abstract

Breast cancer is the main malignant neoplasm diagnosed among women and a leading cause of cancer death. Several medicinal plants are known to have bioactive compounds, by which they modulate the death of cancer cells. Pequi is an oleaginous fruit with immunomodulatory property, due to bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to perform the bioactive characterization of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of pequi oil and pulp, correlating them with different methods of antioxidant capacity in vitro and the antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effect in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell with MCF-7 cell co-culture. In hydrophilic extract the content of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, flavanols and phenolic acids were quantified and in lipophilic extract the total carotenoids, phytosterols and tocopherols were determined. To obtain the antioxidant capacity of both extracts, the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and ORAC method was used and the antioxidant activity was evaluated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell, MCF-7 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell and MCF-7 coculture which had the cell viability quantified in the presence of the extracts. In hydrophilic extracts, pequi pulp presented higher phenolic content than pequi oil, resulting in a higher antioxidant capacity in all evaluated methods. For the lipophilic extract, pequi oil presented the highest carotenoid content, resulting in a higher antioxidant capacity when compared to the lipophilic extract of pequi pulp. The extracts that presented the highest content of bioactive compounds, hydrophilic pulp extract and lipophilic oil extract, stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell, resulting in increased cell viability, there was also an increase in SOD activity, however, at the time evaluated, they did not influence the release of superoxide anion. Evaluating extracts against MCF-7 cells and coculture, these demonstrated cytotoxic activity. The lipophilic extract of the oil stood out for contributing to the increase of SOD levels in MCF-7 cells, and the hydrophilic extracts of the pulp presented better immunomodulatory potential, stimulating both superoxide anion release and superoxide dismutase activity