Inquérito epidemiológico das arboviroses dengue, zika e chikungunya no município de Tangará da Serra-MT em 2018

Abstract

Brazil is an endemic country for arboviruses, in this sense understanding how dengue, zika and chikungunya affects, establishes and co-circulates in a population is extremely important to avoid the burden that these arboviruses can bring to society. The objective of this study was to identify the infection profile of dengue, zika and chikugunya arboviruses in the Mato Grosso municipality of Tangará da Serra in 2018. Cross-sectional study with the participation of 596 residents in the urban area of Tangará da Serra, in which demographic factors were analyzed, sanitary and biological. The residents participating in the research were interviewed to obtain demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as had blood samples collected in order to detect antibodies to the dengue, zika and chikungunya viruses. For this purpose, the rapid test and the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent method were performed. assay (ELISA). The data were systematized in electronic spreadsheets in double typing and later composed the final database, which was subjected to statistical analyzes that described the population's socio-demographic and health characteristics, and the seroprevalence of the arboviruses contemplated in this study was also calculated from these. The global prevalence for dengue was 26.0%, for zika the numbers remained at 72.1%, while for chikungunya the global prevalence was 8.4%. Demographic and health factors such as schooling, age and application of smoke and destination of the garbage were shown to be risk factors for infection by the dengue, zika and chikungunya viruses. In general, females were the most affected by arboviruses, calling attention to the need to build effective programs to prevent and combat mosquitoes that transmit diseases, since even though the entire population is affected by these diseases, it is women who suffer the heaviest sequels left by viruses, see chronic pain in joints caused by chikungunya and giving birth to babies with microcephaly, related to zika. The epidemiological survey showed weaknesses and risk factors to which the population of the municipality of Tangará da Serra is exposed, enabling future critical measures to promote health and prevent mosquito vectors and arboviruses in the municipality.