Mapeamento termo higrométrico do município de Coari-AM utilizando transecto móvel

Abstract

The municipality of Coari, located in the state of Amazonas, Northern region of Brazil, It has the characteristics of a small town, the margin of its urban zone is the Lake of Coari, it suffers the influence of the flood and the ebb of the Amazon River. In this way the interest for the climatic behavior of the place arose realizing this research on microclimatic evaluation, where it presents characteristics of the hot-humid equatorial type based on the classification of Köppen (Ami), that there are only two seasons defined summer-hot and winter-rainy. As a result of this climatic classification and its atypical geographical characteristic, the formation of the heat island, common in urbanized areas of small, medium and large size. The general objective of this research was to perform the hygrometric term mapping of the urban area of the municipality of Coari-AM using mobile transect traveling a certain path with the sensor to record measurements of air temperature and relative humidity, this sensor was coupled in a moving medium and protected by an adaptive thermometric shelter. The survey was conducted from August 2014 to January 2015 in three times 12h, 18h and 00h GMT, corresponding to 8h, 14h and 20h local time. The data collected were and were organized in order to verify the presence of heat or fresh island. It is possible to observe 69% of heat island of average magnitude in the nocturnal period 20h (00 GMT) followed by 31% of islands of weak magnitude. At 08h and 14h (12h and 18h GMT respectively), we obtained 53% of islands of medium magnitude. A heat island of strong magnitude was found in just one day in the morning in October 2014, which was attributed to an atypical anthropic action. The airport was determined as an island of freshness and humidity at all times, the collection point prior to the airport, a small residential neighborhood surrounded by the Amazon rainforest also presented the presence of fresh island and humidity. Therefore, after the analysis of the results it was noticed that the city of Coari/AM, despite being bathed by rivers and lakes, was found the heat island that causes a local urban discomfort, thus, it will be necessary to implement measures of public infrastructure of the municipal and state governmental administrations in order to prevent or minimize the formation of these heat island of strong and medium magnitudes that cause the discomfort of the urban climate.