Métodos para dimensionamento de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede (SFVCR) : síntese e aplicação

Abstract

This dissertation deals with the synthesis of methodologies for design of SFVCR integrated or attached photovoltaic systems, applicable to residential and commercial buildings, consisting of photovoltaic modules - MFV in small generation systems, connected in the low voltage, fixed and without concentration of solar radiation, whose main objective was, to propose a new methodology for the design of SFVCR, with emphasis on the optimum adjustment between the photovoltaic generator - GFV and the PV-inverter - IFV. In order to carry out this work, we used the principles of systematic review and bibliographical revision, in order to raise the state of the art of the currently applied methods in the national and international source, being consulted thesis, dissertations, papers, technical documents, national and international standards and books, pertinent to the subject. From the review it was possible to identify four types of methods for design and sizing of SFVCR. It was also possible to extract several information, design criteria, considerations and technical contributions, as well as equations that were not available in a synthetic and detailed way, nor organized sequentially, logically and didactically. The methodology proposed in this work aims to organize the sizing of system in didactical form, including the main criteria for the estimation of the temperature of PV-Cells, correction of the electrical parameters of the MFV, adaptation of the GFV electrical parameters to the limiting parameters of the IFV, power and energy estimation of the system based on the inclusion of several loss factors and performance evaluation of a SFVCR. This methodology was applied in a case study, in which a SFVCR with a total of 18 MFV of 75W, designed and installed with a 1350 kW of power installed on the cover of block D of the Faculty of Architecture Engineering and Technology - FAET Federal University of Mato Grosso - UFMT - campus Cuiabá-MT, which was monitored during the month of October 2018 and its performance evaluated according to the standard IEC 61724-1: 2017. The results of the comparison between the measured values and the estimated values in the design show that the proposed method is efficient and guarantees good approximation of the energy estimated with the energy generated by the system, presenting an error of only 18.9% above the measured value as well below the traditional method, which presented an error of 45.5%, above the value generated by the system. The adaptation of the electrical parameters of the GFV to the electrical parameters of the IFV guarantee a safe operation within the nominal standards of the equipments without compromising their useful lives. This work is expected to have contributed to expand the state of the art, and to guide designers in the area of photovoltaic solar energy, in the design of SFVCR.