Utilização da técnica de desinfecção solar de água para inativação de Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa na região centro-oeste do Brasil

Abstract

The consumption of water contaminated by pathogenic microbial agents are responsible for the deaths of two million people every year worldwide. Faced with this problem the water disinfection by solar radiation is a simple, inexpensive and effective, which is practiced at the household level in many developing countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bacterial decay time and the efficiency of this technique in the Midwest region of Brazil, based on the inactivation of two bacterial species using four different systems for solar disinfection. First it built three hubs coated with mirror, aluminum can, tetra pak and still a no hub system. Then water was collected from shallow wells of a community located in Cuiabá, MT, who had microbiological contamination for total coliforms and Escherichia coli to determine the technical efficiency with contaminated water course. After this done took place contamination in sterile water well with standard laboratory strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and applied the technique, this time with contaminated water in a controlled manner. When it had good weather and open time all systems using water contaminated lab 100%, which no longer occurred with water from contaminated wells, where the inactivation of microorganisms is not always achieved a good disinfection. The temperature variance analysis and mathematical modeling showed that there is a significant temperature variation when comparing the four types of used systems, a factor that does not interfere with disinfection efficiency, as all treatments achieved 100% effective in the inactivation of microorganisms . The results suggest that the study area only to exposure to the sun bottles are already efficient, and cheaper when you have good weather conditions (clear weather).